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Appendix B

Glossary

EKF / ESKFExtended Kalman Filter / Error-State Kalman Filter — recursive non-linear state estimators.
VIOVisual-Inertial Odometry — pose estimation fusing visual features and IMU acceleration/gyro integration.
DWADynamic Window Approach — local velocity-space trajectory planner.
RTH / RTLReturn-To-Home / Return-To-Launch — automated failsafe return flight procedure.
PTPPrecision Time Protocol (IEEE 1588) — sub-microsecond hardware network clock synchronization.
DLSDamped Least Squares — singularity-robust numerical inverse kinematics matrix solver.
uORBPX4 internal asynchronous publish-subscribe message bus.
DC (EtherCAT)Distributed Clocks — sub-microsecond hardware slave timer synchronization.